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File Size: 1630 KB
Print Length: 208 pages
Page Numbers Source ISBN: 0802411002
Publisher: Moody Publishers; New edition (February 14, 2014)
Publication Date: February 14, 2014
Sold by: Amazon Digital Services LLC
Language: English
ASIN: B00E1327LW
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J.P. Moreland's "The Soul: How We Know It's Real and Why It Matters" ("The Soul") is a popular level treatment of Dr. Moreland's long-term project on consciousness, a defense of substance dualism, the existence of God and natural theology, intentioned to inform the Church and combat naturalism. This is analogous to Dr. William Lane Craig's four academic books exploring the issues of God and time whereby Dr. Craig also finalized his academic research by publishing a somewhat accessible and popular level treatment of his academic program in his book: " God and Time: Exploring God's Relationship to Time,"The predecessors to The Soul are Dr. Moreland's "Consciousness and the Existence of God: A Theistic Argument," and "The Recalcitrant Imago Dei: Human Persons and the Failure of Naturalism," two incredible books meant for both an audience of Dr. Moreland's peers and graduate students conversant with metaphysics, philosophy of mind and Dr. Moreland's essays and other mediums that argue for substance dualism. Both of the latter books are not meant for a general reading audience, but The Soul is the exception.Those readers familiar with Dr. Moreland's works and passions know that substance dualism and the soul are primary themes in approximately one-half of his writings. In The Soul, Dr. Moreland has succeeded in bringing down to earth many of the concepts an unfamiliar reader would normally grapple with when reading his materials, especially because of the terminology that is involved. For example, in my other review of "Loving God with Your Mind: Essays in Honor of J.P. Moreland," a few of the reviewers were put off by the difficulty reading the essays written in honor of his work, especially his work on the soul. No hubris is intended, and I would recommend the reader to look at my reviews of the above-referenced book as it places J.P.'s entire program in a context that is easy to understand and imbibe.For those conversant with JP's academic writings, I do not recommend purchasing The Soul unless you plan on using the book for Sunday school, High School/College Ministry or even first year course for undergraduates. The reason is that you have read this material before, at a much more technical level.(Conversely, those of you that are conversant but have not read for some time, The Soul can be used a primer that enables you to read or re-read the two books referenced above. This is more true of chapters 3 and 4 [they are somewhat technical but Dr. Moreland has honed his arguments so they flow much easier, especially such as those that were set forth in his book "Body and Soul," that was written prior to the books referenced above]. As stated herein, each chapter does have a structerd outline and self-contained glossary making the contents easy to memorize).Additionally, The Soul is anything but guilty of being a cut-and-paste marketing byproduct. Quite the contrary as Dr. Moreland desires to teach those unfamiliar with these issues at a level they can understand, and give them a basis to continue learning by simplifying these issues for a general audience that have little to no knowledge on these matters without being simplistic is no easy task, but Dr. Moreland has accomplished just that--an intoxicating clarity. This book comes with my highest recommendation and those interested in this subject matter must have this book for their personal libraries.Having read Dr. Moreland's books for the past 20 years, including the two books referenced above, I enthusiastically read the Soul in its entirety over the weekend. That is, it is one of those rare books that is an absolute pleasure to read. Again, the real point is not to iterate that I am a smart guy, but the level of difficulty The Soul exemplifies. Dr. Moreland significantly simplified its contents as The Soul's target audience are those readers that have little to no knowledge about the biblical basis for the soul, the nature of the soul, biblical and non-biblical arguments for the soul, and the importance of the soul in the context of the present culture war, especially against the worldview of scientific naturalism or theists that reject substance dualism (e.g., the problem of consciousness).In the past, Dr. Moreland has published a similar and much more compact book on the soul for RZIM ministries. The Soul also unpacks issues and themes about being human, virtue ethics and character cultivation in addressing issues of heaven and hell that all Christians ought to feel a moral incumbency to learn, know and inevitably teach this subject matter to others. The mere fact that Dr. Moreland has devoted so much time to this issue over the last two+ decades should give both the fan of Dr. Moreland and the curious readers serious pause as to the import the themes this book are meant to serve.(It should be mentioned that The Soul is not a historical anthology--it is a straight-forward teaching on the biblical and philosophic arguments for the soul, specifically `Thomistic Substance-Dualism.'). For those readers interested in an up-to-date and accessible history of the soul, I recommend "A Brief History of the Soul," by Stewart Goetz and Charles Taliaferro (2011). This latter book is a tad more difficult and I would recommend reading The Soul before tackling the historical issues. I also recommend reading Dr. Moreland's very important essay 'The Physical Sciences, Neuroscience, and Dualism' that contains arguments for substance dualism; and, more importantly, Dr. Moreland argues and shows how "scientific data [and research] play virtually no role at all in philosophy-of-mind literature,'" [emphasis added] (pg. 845). This essay can be found in another incredible resource: "The Nature of Nature: Examining the Role of Naturalism in Science" edited by Bruce Gordon and William Dembski. In tandem with Dr. Moreland's almost prophetic insights contained in the previously referenced essay, the reviewer can now find newly released books on neuroscience, written by non-theist neuroscientists that corroborate Dr. Moreland's arguments. If you can locate this essay without purchasing the latter book--although this is another fantastic resource that belongs in your library--you should gain a full mastery of substance dualism and be prompted to teach others).In closing, The Soul is fairly small, the 5 chapters are rich concise, and for those that may still have some difficulty tackling or understanding the content of the chapters, each chapter contains both a it's own review of the contents, including a glossary that defines important terms (JP places an asterisk next to the words that carry the most importance [e.g., the definition of functionalism] that require a definition) so the reader can gain a mastery of the chapter's content if they happen to be unfamiliar with these very important issues. That is, this is a book that is to be practiced.Although The Soul has enormous utility in imparting the knowledge, there are also many collateral issues Dr. Moreland touches and one may end up telling themselves "after all these years now I understand that argument."The reviewer can glean the chapter contents from Amazon as they are not iterated in this review. Dr. Moreland has done a favor for those unfamiliar with substance dualism and the importance of consciousness in the battle against scientific naturalism. Dr. Moreland's The Soul makes these issues accessible to everyone, and it is concurrently the best primer on the market to date.
Dr. Moreland's book, The Soul, shows stark contrast between dualism and materialism viewpoints. The "evidence" hailed for mere-materialism, fails logically to form a necessary conclusion that since the mind/body are relational(physical to experiential) that they are somehow indispensable of each other. The materialist conclusion that mind=body is an unsubstantiated equivocation(literal). The most favorable forms of argument I found in his book are those reasoned for the coherency of dualism using the laws of identity! Great little book!
J.P Moreland’s work on the souls is an important argument in Christian apologetics. Much has been made out of recent neurological studies that has caused some to deny the soul. Moreland first shows that the arguments for and against the soul are science neutral as they are philosophical in nature.Prior commitments for naturalism are the primary reason some deny the soul and Moreland forward several arguments that show these as untenable.The book is not an acedemic work and is not as detailed as some, including myself, would want it to be. He has other works that are more rigorous. This book is ideal for those new to the concept.
JP Moreland provides a useful addition to the relatively thin set of references for those looking to understand, and defend a dualist worldview. In this work he digests and summarizes Spiritual Dualism in a way that is accessible to those with little philosophy background, and provides explanations and links to other references for those interested to further pursue these questions. Chapters 1 and 3 (of 5) are the best parts of this book, and provide a good introduction to the concept of substance dualism, the alternative views that are expounded in philosophy, and the shortcomings of these alternatives.The explicit ties to a specific religious view, which is a fundamental/literalist Biblical Christianity, will get in the way in several chapters for any non-Evangelical-Christians who are reading this work. The theology assumptions will likely grate on other Christians (Catholics, Orthodox, Biblical Fallibilists), much less on those holding one of the soul-accepting non-Christian views. For Evangelical Christians this may be a plus. For all others, the religious apologism is a minus.Chapter 3 left the readers with emergent property dualism, and substance dualism as plausible. Chapter 4 attempted to provide the detailed arguments to accept substance dualism (spiritual dualism – IE we have a soul) over emergent property dualism (psychology is emergent – the brain is complex and complex things can manifest new and unique properties which are irreducible, and can be casually independent). I am a substance dualist, but was disappointed with every argument presented.There were 5arguments in chapter 4, and what is presented there will leave any apologist floundering against a thoughtful skeptic. 1) Argued that the indivisibility of selfhood, but divisibility of body and brain, shows that mind cannot emerge from brain. But brain damage studies (see The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat) show mind is a highly divisible integration of submodules – which we do not see when we introspect. This argument is refuted by empirical data. 2) argued that a first person perspective cannot be derived from the 3rd person perspective of matter – but the argument begs the question by assuming (in proposition 2) that first person emergence laws cannot exist – while emergent theorists assume they do. This argument is a question-begging fallacy. 3) Argues that if we can imagine ourselves disembodies, then we cannot actually be tied to our brains. But we can imagine all sorts of things that are either untrue, or logically incoherent – our imaginations are very fallible, this argument is inane. 4) Argues that we have free will, and only souls can provide that. This was weak in two respects. Emergent consciousness could in principle be as free as souls – Moreland has to dismiss causally independent versions of emergence to argue this. And souls could be determined – determinism just comes from assuming causation, and if our choices are caused, then one gets to determinism for souls too. To accept Free Will, one must consider causation to be incorrect, and in need to revision in some way, and rely upon our internally observed free will as evidence to overturn causation theory. All opponents of free will make this point but Moreland does not even mention this problem. 5) Identity of self – Moreland claims that selves are the same person over time, but objects are not if they have even the tiniest change in components. This flies in the face of common sense, as the loss of a few molecules of paint overnight still leaves my car as my car in the morning, and the me of age 8 is radically different from the me of today. His treatment of the complex subject of identity is woeful.One of the questions every dualist will face in discussion is how souls interact with the body. Moreland was disappointing there as well. He asserted it was a simple – one wills, then the body moves. This claim is obviously false, as one can see from observing a stroke victim struggle to regain bodily control. But rather than a more substantive discussion of interaction models, I was highly disappointed to find chapter 5 devoted to an argument in favor of hell!So – Chapters 1 and 3 are a useful introduction to dualism, and is simplified for non-philosophers. But do not think that this book answers the more difficult questions dualists must answer.
Must have for any apologist's library. Maryland's book cover the current status of the debate and ably defends substance dualism.
Great evidence for the soul and mind!
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